Daniel,
if you read the links that I have provided, it is clear that the Church fathers held the Catholic teaching on Holy Matrimony; some had such a high regard for the sacrament, that they even believed that the bond persisted after the death of one of the partners. As the articles all stress, the technical language of scholasticism is missing, but the unique Catholic idea that Matrimony was an indissoluble bond was there.
To clarify, I don't question whether the Church has always taught that marriage is an indissoluble bond. I think this much is pretty clear.
What I'm questioning, specifically, is the idea that Christian marriage was established
by Jesus. Maybe it wasn't, and marriage is only a sacramental, not a sacrament. (Something comparable to a coronation, or investiture into a religious order, both of which involve ceremonies that seem at least somewhat similar to a marriage ceremony.) Or maybe it's neither. (Something comparable to the swearing of some other sort of vow, or the entering into some other sort of contract, or the living out of some other way of life. Though these things aren't often accompanied by ceremonies.)
I'm also not denying that marriage is a sacrament... all I'm saying is that I thought there was actual evidence of this (perhaps an oral tradition going back to Jesus himself), and that it wasn't just some theologian's theory thought up many centuries later. If it's the later, I find it questionable.