RULE/MARTYROLOGY THREAD

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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 2:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The fourth degree of humility is, that if in this very obedience hard and contrary things, nay even injuries, are done to him, he should embrace them patiently with a quiet conscience, and not grow weary or give in, as the Scripture saith: “He that shall persevere to the end shall be saved.” And again: “Let thy heart be comforted, and wait for the Lord.” And shewing how the faithful man ought to bear all things, however contrary, for the Lord, it saith in the person of the afflicted: “For Thee we suffer death all the day long; we are esteemed as sheep for the slaughter.” And secure in their hope of the divine reward, they go on with joy, saying: “But in all these things we overcome, through Him Who hath loved us.” And so in another place Scripture saith: “Thou hast proved us, O God; Thou hast tried us as silver is tried by fire; Thou hast led us into the snare, and hast laid tribulation on our backs.” And in order to shew that we ought to be under a superior, it goes on to say: “Thou hast placed men over our heads.” Moreover, fulfilling the precept of the Lord by patience in adversities and injuries, they who are struck on one cheek offer the other: to him who taketh away their coat they leave also their cloak; and being forced to walk one mile, they go two. With Paul the Apostle, they bear with false brethren, and bless those that curse them.


Martyrology-October 3rd
Roman Martyrology-October 3rd- on this date in various years-


St. Theresa of the Child Jesus, virgin of the Order of Discalced Carmelites, special patroness of all missions. Her birthday is commemorated on the 30th day of September.


At Rome, near the place called Ursus Pileatus, St. Candidus, martyr.


Among the ancient Saxons, two holy martyrs of the name of Ewald, priests who had been preaching in that country. They were seized by the pagans and put to death. During the night, a great light shone over the bodies for a long time, pointing out where they were and also how distinguished were their merits.


Also, the holy martyrs Denis, Faustus, Caius, Peter, Paul, and four others who had suffered greatly under Decius. In the time of Valerian, they were long subjected to torments by the governor Aemilian, and merited the palm of martyrdom.


In Africa, St. Maximian, bishop of Bagaia. Again and again he suffered great cruelties from the Donatists, was finally cast headlong from a high tower, and left for dead. He was found by passers-by, and having been healed by their zealous care, he did not cease to defend the Catholic faith until he rested in the Lord, renowned for the glory of his witness to the faith.


At Leon in Spain, St. Froylan, bishop of that city, noted for his zeal in spreading the monastic life, his generosity to the poor and other virtues, and for his miracles.


In Belgium, in the diocese of Namur, St. Gerard, abbot.


In Palestine, St. Hesychius, confessor, disciple of St. Hilarion, and the companion of his travels.


At Savona in Liguria, St. Maria Giuseppe Rossello, foundress of the Daughters of our Lady of Mercy. Renowned for her charitable works, Pope Pius XII placed her among the number of holy virgins.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 3:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The fifth degree of humility is, not to hide from one’s Abbot any of the evil thoughts that beset one’s heart, or the sins committed in secret, but humbly to confess them. Concerning which the Scripture exhorteth us, saying: “Make known thy way unto the Lord, and hope in Him.” And again: “Confess to the Lord, for He is good, and His mercy endureth for ever.” So also the prophet saith: “I have made known to Thee mine offence, and mine iniquities I have not hidden. I will confess against myself my iniquities to the Lord: and Thou hast forgiven the wickedness of my heart.”


Martyrology-October 4th
Roman Martyrology-October 4th- on this date in various years-


At Assisi in Umbria, the birthday of St. Francis, cleric and confessor, founder of three orders: the Friars Minor, the Poor Clares, and the Brothers and Sisters of Penance. His life, filled with holy deeds and miracles, were written by St. Bonaventure.


At Corinth, the birthday of the Saints Crispus and Caius, who are mentioned by the apostle St. Paul in his Epistle to the Corinthians.


At Athens, St. Hierotheus, disciple of the blessed apostle Paul.


At Damascus, St. Peter, bishop and martyr, who was accused before the king of the Agarenians of teaching the faith of Christ. His tongue, hands, and feet were cut off, and being fastened to a cross, his martyrdom was fulfilled.


At Alexandria, the holy priests and deacons Caius, Faustus, Eusebius, Chaeremon, Lucius, and their companions. Some of them were martyred in the persecution of Valerian; others, for serving the martyrs, received the reward of martyrs.


In Egypt, the holy martyrs Mark and Marcian, brothers, and an almost countless number of both sexes and of all ages, who merited the blessed crown of martyrdom, some after being scourged, others when they had suffered horrible torment, and others after being delivered to the flames. Some were cast into the sea, some others were beheaded; many were starved to death; many were fastened to gibbets; and others again were suspended by the feet with their heads downward.


At Bologna, St. Petronius, bishop and confessor, celebrated for learning, miracles, and sanctity.


At Paris, St. Aurea, virgin.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 4:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The sixth degree of humility is, for a monk to be contented with the meanest and worst of everything, and in all that is enjoined him to esteem himself a bad and worthless labourer, saying with the prophet: “I have been brought to nothing, and I knew it not: I am become as a beast before Thee, yet I am always with Thee.”


Martyrology-October 5th
Roman Martyrology-October 5th- on this date in various years-


At Messina in Sicily, the birthday of the holy martyrs Placidus, a monk who was a disciple of the blessed Abbot Benedict, and of his brothers Eutychius and Victorinus, and the virgin Flavia, their sister; also of Donatus, Firmatus, a deacon, Faustus, and thirty other monks, who were murdered for the faith of Christ by the pirate Manuchas.


At Smyrna, the birthday of blessed Thraseas, bishop of Eumenia, who ended his career through martyrdom.


At Auxerre, the death of the saintly deacon Firmatus and the virgin Flaviana, his sister.


At Treves, the holy martyrs Palmatius and his companions, who suffered martyrdom in the persecution of Diocletian, under the governor Rictiovarus.


Also, under Emeperor Diocletian and the proconsul Domitius, St. Charitina, virgin. She was exposed to the fire and thrown into the sea, but escaping uninjured, her hands and feet were cut off and her teeth torn out, and finally she yielded up her spirit in prayer.


At Ravenna, St. Marcellinus, bishop and confessor.


At Valence in France, St. Apollinaris, a bishop, renowned in life for virtues and in death for miracles and prodigies.


Also, St. Attilanus, bishop of Zamora, who was ranked among the saints by Pope Urban II.


At Rome, St. Galla, widow, daughter of the consul Symmachus. After the death of her husband, she remained for many years near the church of St. Peter, devoted to prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and other pious works. Her most happy death has been described by Pope St. Gregory.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 5:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The seventh degree of humility is, that he should not only call himself with his tongue lower and viler than all, but also believe himself in his inmost heart to be so, humbling himself, and saying with the prophet: “I am a worm and no man, the shame of men and the outcast of the people: I have been exalted, and cast down, and confounded.” And again: “It is good for me that Thou hast humbled me, that I may learn Thy commandments.”


Martyrology-October 6th
Roman Martyrology-October 6th- on this date in various years-


In the Monastery De Torre, in the diocese of Squillace in Calabria, St. Bruno, confessor, founder of the Order of the Carthusians.


At Laodicea, the blessed bishop and martyr Sagar, one of the first disciples of the apostle Paul.


At Auxerre, St. Romanus, bishop and martyr.


At Capua, the birthday of the holy martyrs Marcellus, Castus, Aemilius, and Saturninus.


At Treves, the commemoration of innumerable martyrs, who were put death for the faith in various manners, under the governor Rictiovarus, in the persecution of Diocletian.


At Agen in France, the birthday of St. Faith, virgin and martyr, by whose example blessed Caprasius was aroused to martyrdom, and by martyrdom happily fulfilled his own trial.


Also, St. Erotis martyr, who, aflame with love for Christ, triumphed over the flames of fire.


At Oderzo, in the neighbourhood of Venice, St. Magnus, bishop, whose body rests at Venice.


At Naples in Campania, the death of St. Mary Frances of the Five Wounds of Our Lord Jesus Christ, a nun of the Third Order of St. Francis. Because of her reputation for virtues and the working of miracles, she was placed among the holy virgins by Pope Pius IX.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 6:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The eighth degree of humility is, for a monk to do nothing except what is authorised by the common rule of the monastery, or the example of his seniors.


Martyrology-October 7th
Roman Martyrology-October 7th- on this date in various years-


The Feast of the Most Holy Rosary of the blessed Virgin Mary, and the commemoration of St. Mary of Victory, which Pope Pius V instituted to be kept yearly in memory of the great victory granted on this day in a naval battle to the Christians over the Turks, by the help of the Mother of God.


At Rome, on the Ardeatine Way, the death of St. Mark, pope and confessor.


In the province of the Euphrates, the holy martyrs Sergius and Bacchus, noble Romans, in the time of Emperor Maximian. Bacchus was scourged with rough sinews until his body was completely mangled, and breathed his last in the confession of Christ. Sergius had his feet forced into shoes full of sharp-pointed nails, but, remaining unshaken in the faith, he was sentenced to be beheaded. The place where he rests is called after him Sergiopolis, and, on account of the frequent miracles wrought there, is honoured by large gatherings of Christians.


At Rome, the holy martyrs Marcellus and Apulcius, who at first were followers of Simon Magus, but seeing the wonders which the Lord performed through the apostle Peter, they abandoned Simon and embraced the apostolic doctrine. After the death of the apostles, under the proconsul Aurelian, they won the crown of martyrdom and were buried near the city.


Also in the province of the Euphrates, St. Julia, virgin, who suffered martyrdom under the governor Marcian.


At Padua, St. Justina, virgin and martyr, who was baptized by blessed Prosdocimus, a disciple of St. Peter. Because she remained firm in the faith of Christ, she was put to the sword by order of the governor Maximus, and thus went to God.


At Bourges, St. Augustus, priest and confessor.


In the diocese of Rheims, St. Helanus, priest.


In Sweden, the translation of the body of St. Bridget, widow.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 7:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The ninth degree of humility is, that a monk refrain his tongue from speaking, keeping silence until a question be asked him, as the Scripture sheweth: “In much talking thou shalt not avoid sin”: and, “The talkative man shall not be directed upon the earth.”


Martyrology-October 8th
Roman Martyrology-October 8th- on this date in various years-


St. Bridget, widow, whose birthday is observed on the 23rd of July, and the translation of her holy body on the 7th of October.


Also, the birthday of blessed Simeon, an aged man, who as we read in the Gospel, took our Lord Jesus in his arms and prophesied concerning him when he was presented in the Temple.


At Laodicea in Phrygia, during the reign of Diocletian, St. Artemon, a priest, who gained the crown of martyrdom by fire.


At Thessalonica, St. Demetrius, a proconsul. For having brought many to the faith of Christ he was pierced with spears by order of Emperor Maximian, and thus completed his martyrdom.


In the same place, St. Nestor, martyr.


At Seville in Spain, St. Peter, martyr.


At Caesarea in Palestine, in the reign of Decius, St. Reparata, virgin and martyr. For refusing to sacrifice to idols, she was subjected to various kinds of torments and was finally struck with the sword. Her soul was seen to leave her body in the form of a dove and ascend to heaven.


In the country of Laon, St. Benedicta, virgin and martyr.


At Ancona, Saints Palatius and Laurentia, who were sent into exile during the persecution of Diocletian, under the governor Dion, and were overcome by the weight of toil and misery.


At Rouen, St. Evodius, bishop and confessor.


At Jerusalem, St. Palagia, surnamed the Penitent.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 8:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The tenth degree of humility is, that he be not easily moved and prompt to laughter; because it is written: “The fool lifteth up his voice in laughter.”


Martyrology-October 9th
Roman Martyrology-October 9th- on this date in various years-


At Rome, St. John Leonard, confessor, founder of the Congregation of Clerks Regular of the Mother of God, renowned for his labours and miracles, and by whose zeal were begun missions for the propagation of the faith.


At Paris, the birthday of the holy martyrs Denis the Areopagite, a bishop, Rusticus, a priest, and Eleutherius, a deacon. Denis was baptized by the apostle St. Paul, and consecrated first bishop of Athens. Then going to Rome, he was sent to France by the blessed Roman Pontiff Clement to preach the Gospel. He proceeded to Paris, and after having for some years faithfully filled the office entrusted to him, he was subjected to the severest kinds of torments by the prefect Fescennius, and at length was beheaded with his companions, thus completing his martyrdom.


On the same day, the commemoration of the holy patriarch Abraham, father of all believers.


At Monte Cassino, St. Deusdedit, abbot, who was cast into prison by the tyrant Sicardus, and being there consumed with hunger and misery, yielded up his soul.


At Julia, in the region of Parma, on the Via Claudia, St. Domninus, martyr. Under the Emperor Maximian, in the rage of persecution, he was taken by the persecutors and died gloriously by being pierced with a sword.


In Hainault, St. Gislenus, bishop and confessor, who resigning his bishopric, led the monastic life in a monastery built by himself,and was distinguished by many virtues.


At Valencia in Spain, St. Louis Bertrand, of the Order of Preachers. Being filled with the apostolic spirit, he confirmed by the innocency of his life and the working of many miracles the Gospel which he had preached in America.


At Jerusalem, Saints Andronicus and his wife Athanasia.


At Antioch, St. Publia, abbess. While Julian the Apostate was passing by, she and her religious sang these words of David: "The idols of the Gentiles are silver and gold," and "Let them that make them be like unto them." By the command of the emperor, she was struck on the face and severely rebuked.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 9:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The eleventh degree of humility is, that when a monk speaketh, he do so gently and without laughter, humbly, gravely, with few and reasonable words, and that he be not noisy in his speech, as it is written: “A wise man is known by the fewness of his words.”


Martyrology-October 10th
Roman Martyrology-October 10th- on this date in various years-


St. Francis Borgia, confessor, priest of the Society of Jesus, whose birthday is mentioned on the 30th of September.


At Ceuta in Morocco, the passion of seven holy martyrs of the Order of Friars Minor: Daniel, Samuel, Angelus, Leo, Nicholas, Ugolino, and Domnus, all of whom were priests except Domnus. Because they had preached the Gospel and put to silence the doctrines of Mohammed, they suffered insults, fetters, and scourgings from the Saracens in that place. They were at last beheaded and thus obtained the palm of martyrdom.


At Cologne, in the persecution of Maximian, St. Gereon and three hundred and eighteen other martyrs who patiently bowed to the sword for the true religion.


In the neighbourhood of the same city, the holy martyrs Victor and his companions.


At Bonn in Germany, the holy martyrs Cassius and Florentius, with many others.


At Nicomedia, the holy martyrs Eulampius, and his sister, the virgin Eulampia. Upon hearing that her brother was tortured for Christ, she rushed through the crowd, embraced him, and became his companion. Both were cast into a cauldron of boiling oil, but being uninjured, their martyrdom was completed by beheading along with two hundred others, who, impressed by the miracle, had believed in Christ.


On the island of Crete, blessed Pinytus, most noble of bishops. He was bishop of Gnosia, and flourished under Marcus Antoninus Verus and Lucius Aurelius Commodus. He left in his writings, as in a mirror, a vivid picture of himself.


At York in England, the holy bishop Paulinus, disciple of the blessed pope Gregory. He was sent there by that pope along with others to preach the Gospel, and he converted King Edwin and his people to the faith of Christ.


At Piombino in Tuscany, St. Cerbonius, bishop and confessor. St. Gregory relates that he was renowned for miracles, both during life and after death.


At Verona, another St. Cerbonius, bishop.


At Capua, St. Paulinus, bishop.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 10:


CHAPTER VII
Of Humility (cont.)


The twelfth degree of humility is, that the monk, not only in his heart, but also in his very exterior, always shew his humility to all who see him: that is, in the work of God, in the oratory, in the monastery, in the garden, on the road, in the field or wherever he may be, whether sitting, walking or standing, with head always bent down, and eyes fixed on the earth, that he ever think of the guilt of his sins, and imagine himself already present before the terrible judgment-seat of God: always saying in his heart what the publican in the Gospel said with his eyes fixed on the earth: “Lord, I a sinner am not worthy to raise mine eyes to heaven.” And again, with the prophet: “I am bowed down and humbled on every side.”


Having, therefore, ascended all these degrees of humility, the monk will presently arrive at that love of God which, being perfect, casteth out fear: whereby he shall begin to keep, without labour, and as it were naturally and by custom, all those precepts which he had hitherto observed through fear: no longer through dread of hell, but for the love of Christ, and of a good habit and a delight in virtue which God will vouchsafe to manifest by the Holy Spirit in his labourer, now cleansed from vice and sin.


Martyrology-October 11th
Roman Martyrology-October 11th- on this date in various years-


The Motherhood of the Blessed Virgin Mary.


At Tarsus in Cilicia, the holy women Zenaides and Philonilla, sisters, who were relatives of the blessed apostle Paul and his disciples in the faith.


In the neighbourhood of Vexin in France, in the time of the governor Fescenninus, the passion of the holy martyrs Nicasius, bishop of Rouen, the priest Quirinus, the deacon Scubiculus, and Pientia, a virgin.


At Besançon in France, St. Germanus, bishop and martyr.


Also, the martyrdom of the Saints Anastasius, a priest, Placidus, Genesius, and their companions.


At Tarsus in Cilicia, the birthday of the holy martyrs Tharacus, Probus, and Andronicus, who endured a long and painful imprisonment during the persecution of Diocletian. They were three times subjected to diverse punishments and tortures, and finally obtained a glorious triumph for the confession of Christ by having their heads struck off.


In Thebais, St. Sarmata, disciple of the blessed abbot Anthony, who was put to death for Christ by the Saracens.


At Uzea in France, St. Firmin, bishop and confessor.


At Calozzo, in the diocese of Asti, formerly that of Pavia, St. Alexander Sauli, bishop and confessor of the Clerics Regular of St. Paul. He was of noble birth and renowned for virtues, learning, and miracles. Pope Pius X placed him in the canon of the saints.


In the monastery of Aghaboe in Ireland, St. Kenny, priest and abbot.


At Lier in Belgium, the death of St. Gummarus, confessor.


At Rennes in France, St. Emilian, confessor.


At Verona, St. Placidia, virgin.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

[OmniaInstaurareInChristo]

The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 11:


CHAPTER VIII
Of the Divine Office at Night


In winter time, that is, from the first of November until Easter, the brethren shall rise at what may be reasonably calculated to be the eighth hour of the night;* so that having rested till some time past midnight, they may rise having had their full sleep. And let the time that remains after the Night-Office be spent in study by those brethren who have still some part of the Psalter and lessons to learn. But from Easter to the first of November let the hour for the Night-Office be so arranged that, after a very short interval, during which the brethren may go out for the necessities of nature, Lauds, which are to be said at day-break, may follow without delay.


Martyrology-October 12th
Roman Martyrology-October 12th- on this date in various years-


At Rome, the holy martyrs Evagrius, Priscian, and their companions.


In Africa, four thousand nine hundred and sixty-six holy confessors and martyrs in the persecution of the Vandals under the Arian king Hunneric. Some of them were bishops of the churches of God, some priests and deacons, and there was a multitude of the faithful who were driven into a frightful wilderness for the defence of the Catholic truth. Many of them were cruelly molested by the Moorish leaders, and with sharp-pointed spears and stones were forced to hasten their march; others, with their feet tied, were dragged like corpses through rough places and were mangled in all their limbs. At the end they were tortured in different manners and won the honours of martyrdom. The principal ones among them were the bishops Felix and Cyprian.


At Ravenna, on the Via Laurentina, the birthday of St. Edistus, martyr.


In Lycia, under Emperor Diocletian, St. Domnina, martyr.


At Cilli in Austria, St. Maximilian, bishop of Lorsch.


At York in England, St. Wilfrid, bishop and confessor.


At Milan, St. Monas, bishop. He was chosen as head of that church because a miraculous light from heaven surrounded him when they were deliberating on the choice of a bishop.


At Verona, St. Salvinus, bishop.


In Syria, St. Eustace, priest and confessor.


At Ascoli in Piceno, St. Seraphinus, confessor, of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, distinguished by his humility and holiness of life. He was enrolled among the saints by the Sovereign Pontiff Clement XIII.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 12:


CHAPTER IX
How many Psalms are to be said at the Night Hours


In winter time, after beginning with the verse, “O God, come to my assistance; O Lord, make haste to help me,” with the Gloria, let the words, “O Lord, Thou wilt open my lips, and my mouth shall declare Thy praise,” be next repeated thrice; then the third Psalm, with a Gloria, after which the ninety-fourth Psalm is to be said or sung, with an antiphon. Next let a hymn follow, and then six Psalms with antiphons. These being said, and also a versicle, let the Abbot give the blessing and, all being seated, let three lessons be read by the brethren in turns, from the book on the lectern. Between the lessons let three responsories be sung - two of them without a Gloria, but after the third let the reader say the Gloria: and as soon as he begins it, let all rise from their seats out of honour and reverence to the Holy Trinity. Let the divinely inspired books, both of the Old and New Testaments, be read at the Night-Office, and also the commentaries upon them written by the most renowned, orthodox and Catholic Fathers. After these three lessons with their responsories, let six more Psalms follow, to be sung with an Alleluia. Then let a lesson from the Apostle be said by heart, with a verse and the petition of the Litany, that is, Kyrie eleison. And so let the Night-Office come to an end.


Martyrology-October 13th
Roman Martyrology-October 13th- on this date in various years-


St. Edward, king of England and confessor, who died on the 5th day of January. He is specially honoured on this day because of the translation of his body.


At Troas in Asia Minor, the birthday of St. Carpus, a disciple of the blessed apostle Paul.


At Cordova in Spain, the birthday of the holy martyrs Faustus, Januarius, and Martial. They were first tortured on the rack, their eyebrows were then shaven, their teeth torn out, their ears and noses cut off, and the martyrdom was completed by fire.


At Thessalonica, St. Florentius, a martyr, who, after enduring various torments, was burned alive.


At Stockerau in Austria, St. Colman, martyr.


At Antioch, St. Theophilus, the bishop who held the pontificate in that church, the sixth after the blessed apostle Peter.


At Tours in France, St. Venantius, abbot and confessor.


At Subiaco in Italy, St. Chelidonia, virgin.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

[OmniaInstaurareInChristo]

The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 13:


CHAPTER X
How the Night-Office is to be said in Summer Time


From Easter till the calends of November let the whole psalmody, as explained above, be said, except that on account of the shortness of the nights, no lessons are read from the book; but instead of these three lessons, let one from the Old Testament be said from memory. Let a short responsory follow this, and let all the rest be performed as was said; namely, that never fewer than twelve psalms be said at the night office, exclusive of the third and the 94th psalm.


Martyrology-October 14th
Roman Martyrology-October 14th- on this date in various years-


At Rome, on the Aurelian Way, the birthday of blessed Callistus I, pope and martyr. By order of Emperor Alexander, he was kept in prison for a long time without food, and was daily scourged with rods. He was finally hurled from a window of the house in which he had been shut up, and was cast into a well, and thus merited the triumph of victory.


At Rimini, St. Gaudentius, bishop and martyr.


At Caesarea in Palestine, the Saints Carponius, Evaristus, and Priscian, brothers of blessed Fortunata, who obtained the crown of martyrdom together, their throats being cut with the sword.


Also, the Saints Saturninus and Lupus.


At Caesarea in Palestine, St. Fortunata, virgin and martyr, the sister of the martyrs Carponius, Evaristus, and Priscian. After having been subjected to the rack, to fire, to the teeth of beasts, and other toments during the persecution of Diocletian, she gave up her soul to God. Her body was afterwards conveyed to Naples in Campania.


At Todi in Umbria, St. Fortunatus, bishop, who, as is mentioned by blessed Gregory, was endowed with an extraordinary gift for casting out unclean spirits.


At Wurzburg in Germany, St. Burchard, first bishop of that city.


At Bruges in Belgium, St. Donatian, bishop of Rheims.


At Treves, St. Rusticus, bishop.


At Lyons in France, St. Justus, bishop and confessor, a man of extraordinary sanctity and endowed with the spirit of prophecy. He resigned his bishopric and retired into a desert in Egypt with his lector Viator. When he had for some years led an almost angelic life, and the end of his meritorious labours had come, he went to our Lord to receive the crown of justice. His holy body and the relics of his lector, blessed Viator, were afterwards taken to Lyons on the 2nd of September.


On the same day, the death of blessed Dominic Loricatus.


At Arpiano in Italy, St. Bernard, confessor.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 14:


CHAPTER XI
How the Night-Office is to be said on Sundays


On Sunday let the brethren rise earlier for the Night-Office, which is to be arranged as follows. When six Psalms and a versicle have been sung (as already prescribed), all being seated in order in their stalls, let four lessons with their responsories be read from the book, as before: and to the last responsory only let the reader add a Gloria, all reverently rising as soon as he begins it. After the lessons let six more Psalms follow in order, with their antiphons and versicle as before; and then let four more lessons, with their responsories, be read in the same way as the former. Next let three canticles from the Prophets be said, as the Abbot shall appoint, which canticles are to be sung with an Alleluia. After the versicle, and the blessing given by the Abbot, let four more lessons from the New Testament be read as before; and at the end of the fourth responsory, let the Abbot begin the hymn, Te Deum laudamus. After the hymn, let the Abbot read the lesson from the Gospel, while all stand in awe and reverence. The Gospel being ended, let all answer Amen. Then let the Abbot go on with the hymn, Te decet laus; and after the blessing hath been given,* let them begin Lauds. This order for the Night-Offices is always to be observed on Sunday, alike in summer and in winter, unless perchance (which God forbid) they rise too late, in which case the lessons or responsories must be somewhat shortened.* Let all care, however, be taken that this do not happen; but if it should, let him, through whose neglect it hath come to pass, make satisfaction for it in the oratory.




Martyrology-October 15th
Roman Martyrology-October 15th- on this date in various years-


At Avila in Spain, the virgin St. Teresa, mother and mistress of the Brothers and Sisters of the Carmelite Order of the Strict Observance.


At Cracow in Poland, St. Hedwig, duchess of Poland, who devoted herself to the service of the poor, and was renowned for miracles. She was inscribed among the saints by Pope Clement IV. Her feast is celebrated on the following day.


At Rome, on the Aurelian Way, St. Fortunatus, martyr.


In Prussia, St. Bruno, bishop of the Ruthenians and martyr. While preaching the Gospel in that region he was arrested by impious men, his hands and feet were cut off, and he was then beheaded.


At Cologne, the birthday of three hundred holy marytrs, who met their trials in the persecution of Maximian.


At Carthage, St. Agileus, martyr, on whose birthday St. Augustine delivered a discourse to the people concerning him.


At Lyons in France, St. Antiochus, bishop, who enetered the heavenly kingdom after having courageously fulfilled the duties of the high station to which he had been called.


At Treves, St. Severus, bishop and confessor.


At Strasbourg, St. Aurelia, virgin.


In Germany, St. Thecla, abbess and virgin. She governed the convents of Kitzingen and Ochsenfurt, and departed to heaven filled with merits.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

[OmniaInstaurareInChristo]

The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 15:


CHAPTER XII
How the Solemn Office of Lauds is to be said


At Lauds on Sunday let the sixty-sixth Psalm first be said straight on without an antiphon. After this let the fiftieth Psalm be said, with an Alleluia, and then the hundred and seventeenth and the sixty-second. Then the Benedicite and Psalms of praise,*  a lesson from the Apocalypse, said by heart, a responsory, a hymn, a versicle, a canticle out of the Gospel, and the Litany, and so end.


Martyrology-October 16th
Roman Martyrology-October 16th- on this date in various years-


St. Hedwig, widow, duchess of Poland, who went to her rest in the Lord on the day previous.


In the monastery of Moutier-en-Der, in France, St. Bercharius, abbot and martyr.


In Africa, two hundred and seventy holy martyrs, crowned together.


Likewise, the Saints Martinian and Saturnian, with their two brothers. While the persecution of the Vandals was raging in the reign of the Arian king Genseric, they were slaves to a man of that race. They were converted to the faith of Christ by Maxima, a slave like themselves, and they manifested their attachment to the truth with such courage that they were beaten with rough clubs and lacerated in all parts of their bodies to the very bones. Although this barbarous treatment was continued for a considerable period, their wounds were each time healed overnight. They were at length sent into exile where they converted many barbarians to the faith, and obtained from the Roman Pontiff a priest and other ministers to baptize them. Finally there were condemned to die by having their feet tied behind running chariots and being dragged through thorns. Maxima, after enduring many tribulations, was miraculously delivered and became the superior of a large monastery of virgins, where she ended her days in peace.


Also, the Saints Saturninus, Nereus, and three hundred and sixty-five other martyrs.


At Cologne, under Julian the Apostate, the martyr St. Eliphius.


Near Bourges, St. Ambrose, bishop of Cahors.


At Mainz, St. Lullus, bishop and confessor.


At Treves, St. Florentinus, bishop.


At Arbon in Germany, St. Gall, abbot, a disciple of blessed Columban.


At Muro in Italy, St. Gerard Majella, confessor and professed lay brother of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer. Renowned for miracles, he was added to the list of the saints by Pope Pius X.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

[OmniaInstaurareInChristo]

The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 16:


CHAPTER XIII
How Lauds are to be said on Week-days


On week-days let Lauds be celebrated in the manner following. Let the sixty-sixth Psalm be said without an antiphon, as on Sundays, and somewhat slowly, in order that all may be in time for the fiftieth, which is to be said with an antiphon. After this let two other Psalms be said according to custom; that is, on Monday, the fifth and thirty-fifth: on Tuesday, the forty-second and fifty-sixth: on Wednesday, the sixty-third and sixty-fourth: on Thursday, the eighty-seventh and eighty-ninth: on Friday, the seventy-fifth and ninety-first: and on Saturday, the hundred and forty-second and the Canticle from Deuteronomy, which must be divided into two Glorias. But on the other days let canticles from the prophets be said, each on its proper day, according to the practice of the Roman Church. Then let the Psalms of praise follow, and after them a lesson from the Apostle, to be said by heart, a responsory, a hymn, a versicle, a canticle out of the Gospel, the Litany, and so conclude.


Martyrology-October 17th
Roman Martyrology-October 17th- on this date in various years-


At Paray, in the diocese of Autun, St. Margaret Mary Alacoque. She made her profession in the Order of the Visitation of Blessed Mary the Virgin, and she excelled with great merit in spreading devotion to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus and in furthering its public veneration. Pope Benedict XV added her name to the list of holy virgins.


At Antioch, the birthday of St. Heron, a disciple of blessed Ignatius. Being made bishop after him, he religiously followed his master's footsteps, and, as a true lover of Christ, died for the flock entrusted to his keeping.


The same day, the martyrdom of the Saints Victor, Alexander, and Marian.


In Persia, St. Mamelta, martyr. He was converted from idolatry to the faith by the warning of an angel, and was later stoned by heathens and cast into a deep lake.


At Orange in France, St. Florentinus, bishop, who died leaving a reputation for many virtues.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.