RULE/MARTYROLOGY THREAD

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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 13:


CHAPTER X
How the Night-Office is to be said in Summer Time


From Easter till the calends of November let the whole psalmody, as explained above, be said, except that on account of the shortness of the nights, no lessons are read from the book; but instead of these three lessons, let one from the Old Testament be said from memory. Let a short responsory follow this, and let all the rest be performed as was said; namely, that never fewer than twelve psalms be said at the night office, exclusive of the third and the 94th psalm.


Martyrology-October 14th
Roman Martyrology-October 14th- on this date in various years-


At Rome, on the Aurelian Way, the birthday of blessed Callistus I, pope and martyr. By order of Emperor Alexander, he was kept in prison for a long time without food, and was daily scourged with rods. He was finally hurled from a window of the house in which he had been shut up, and was cast into a well, and thus merited the triumph of victory.


At Rimini, St. Gaudentius, bishop and martyr.


At Caesarea in Palestine, the Saints Carponius, Evaristus, and Priscian, brothers of blessed Fortunata, who obtained the crown of martyrdom together, their throats being cut with the sword.


Also, the Saints Saturninus and Lupus.


At Caesarea in Palestine, St. Fortunata, virgin and martyr, the sister of the martyrs Carponius, Evaristus, and Priscian. After having been subjected to the rack, to fire, to the teeth of beasts, and other toments during the persecution of Diocletian, she gave up her soul to God. Her body was afterwards conveyed to Naples in Campania.


At Todi in Umbria, St. Fortunatus, bishop, who, as is mentioned by blessed Gregory, was endowed with an extraordinary gift for casting out unclean spirits.


At Wurzburg in Germany, St. Burchard, first bishop of that city.


At Bruges in Belgium, St. Donatian, bishop of Rheims.


At Treves, St. Rusticus, bishop.


At Lyons in France, St. Justus, bishop and confessor, a man of extraordinary sanctity and endowed with the spirit of prophecy. He resigned his bishopric and retired into a desert in Egypt with his lector Viator. When he had for some years led an almost angelic life, and the end of his meritorious labours had come, he went to our Lord to receive the crown of justice. His holy body and the relics of his lector, blessed Viator, were afterwards taken to Lyons on the 2nd of September.


On the same day, the death of blessed Dominic Loricatus.


At Arpiano in Italy, St. Bernard, confessor.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.

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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 14:


CHAPTER XI
How the Night-Office is to be said on Sundays


On Sunday let the brethren rise earlier for the Night-Office, which is to be arranged as follows. When six Psalms and a versicle have been sung (as already prescribed), all being seated in order in their stalls, let four lessons with their responsories be read from the book, as before: and to the last responsory only let the reader add a Gloria, all reverently rising as soon as he begins it. After the lessons let six more Psalms follow in order, with their antiphons and versicle as before; and then let four more lessons, with their responsories, be read in the same way as the former. Next let three canticles from the Prophets be said, as the Abbot shall appoint, which canticles are to be sung with an Alleluia. After the versicle, and the blessing given by the Abbot, let four more lessons from the New Testament be read as before; and at the end of the fourth responsory, let the Abbot begin the hymn, Te Deum laudamus. After the hymn, let the Abbot read the lesson from the Gospel, while all stand in awe and reverence. The Gospel being ended, let all answer Amen. Then let the Abbot go on with the hymn, Te decet laus; and after the blessing hath been given,* let them begin Lauds. This order for the Night-Offices is always to be observed on Sunday, alike in summer and in winter, unless perchance (which God forbid) they rise too late, in which case the lessons or responsories must be somewhat shortened.* Let all care, however, be taken that this do not happen; but if it should, let him, through whose neglect it hath come to pass, make satisfaction for it in the oratory.




Martyrology-October 15th
Roman Martyrology-October 15th- on this date in various years-


At Avila in Spain, the virgin St. Teresa, mother and mistress of the Brothers and Sisters of the Carmelite Order of the Strict Observance.


At Cracow in Poland, St. Hedwig, duchess of Poland, who devoted herself to the service of the poor, and was renowned for miracles. She was inscribed among the saints by Pope Clement IV. Her feast is celebrated on the following day.


At Rome, on the Aurelian Way, St. Fortunatus, martyr.


In Prussia, St. Bruno, bishop of the Ruthenians and martyr. While preaching the Gospel in that region he was arrested by impious men, his hands and feet were cut off, and he was then beheaded.


At Cologne, the birthday of three hundred holy marytrs, who met their trials in the persecution of Maximian.


At Carthage, St. Agileus, martyr, on whose birthday St. Augustine delivered a discourse to the people concerning him.


At Lyons in France, St. Antiochus, bishop, who enetered the heavenly kingdom after having courageously fulfilled the duties of the high station to which he had been called.


At Treves, St. Severus, bishop and confessor.


At Strasbourg, St. Aurelia, virgin.


In Germany, St. Thecla, abbess and virgin. She governed the convents of Kitzingen and Ochsenfurt, and departed to heaven filled with merits.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 15:


CHAPTER XII
How the Solemn Office of Lauds is to be said


At Lauds on Sunday let the sixty-sixth Psalm first be said straight on without an antiphon. After this let the fiftieth Psalm be said, with an Alleluia, and then the hundred and seventeenth and the sixty-second. Then the Benedicite and Psalms of praise,*  a lesson from the Apocalypse, said by heart, a responsory, a hymn, a versicle, a canticle out of the Gospel, and the Litany, and so end.


Martyrology-October 16th
Roman Martyrology-October 16th- on this date in various years-


St. Hedwig, widow, duchess of Poland, who went to her rest in the Lord on the day previous.


In the monastery of Moutier-en-Der, in France, St. Bercharius, abbot and martyr.


In Africa, two hundred and seventy holy martyrs, crowned together.


Likewise, the Saints Martinian and Saturnian, with their two brothers. While the persecution of the Vandals was raging in the reign of the Arian king Genseric, they were slaves to a man of that race. They were converted to the faith of Christ by Maxima, a slave like themselves, and they manifested their attachment to the truth with such courage that they were beaten with rough clubs and lacerated in all parts of their bodies to the very bones. Although this barbarous treatment was continued for a considerable period, their wounds were each time healed overnight. They were at length sent into exile where they converted many barbarians to the faith, and obtained from the Roman Pontiff a priest and other ministers to baptize them. Finally there were condemned to die by having their feet tied behind running chariots and being dragged through thorns. Maxima, after enduring many tribulations, was miraculously delivered and became the superior of a large monastery of virgins, where she ended her days in peace.


Also, the Saints Saturninus, Nereus, and three hundred and sixty-five other martyrs.


At Cologne, under Julian the Apostate, the martyr St. Eliphius.


Near Bourges, St. Ambrose, bishop of Cahors.


At Mainz, St. Lullus, bishop and confessor.


At Treves, St. Florentinus, bishop.


At Arbon in Germany, St. Gall, abbot, a disciple of blessed Columban.


At Muro in Italy, St. Gerard Majella, confessor and professed lay brother of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer. Renowned for miracles, he was added to the list of the saints by Pope Pius X.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 16:


CHAPTER XIII
How Lauds are to be said on Week-days


On week-days let Lauds be celebrated in the manner following. Let the sixty-sixth Psalm be said without an antiphon, as on Sundays, and somewhat slowly, in order that all may be in time for the fiftieth, which is to be said with an antiphon. After this let two other Psalms be said according to custom; that is, on Monday, the fifth and thirty-fifth: on Tuesday, the forty-second and fifty-sixth: on Wednesday, the sixty-third and sixty-fourth: on Thursday, the eighty-seventh and eighty-ninth: on Friday, the seventy-fifth and ninety-first: and on Saturday, the hundred and forty-second and the Canticle from Deuteronomy, which must be divided into two Glorias. But on the other days let canticles from the prophets be said, each on its proper day, according to the practice of the Roman Church. Then let the Psalms of praise follow, and after them a lesson from the Apostle, to be said by heart, a responsory, a hymn, a versicle, a canticle out of the Gospel, the Litany, and so conclude.


Martyrology-October 17th
Roman Martyrology-October 17th- on this date in various years-


At Paray, in the diocese of Autun, St. Margaret Mary Alacoque. She made her profession in the Order of the Visitation of Blessed Mary the Virgin, and she excelled with great merit in spreading devotion to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus and in furthering its public veneration. Pope Benedict XV added her name to the list of holy virgins.


At Antioch, the birthday of St. Heron, a disciple of blessed Ignatius. Being made bishop after him, he religiously followed his master's footsteps, and, as a true lover of Christ, died for the flock entrusted to his keeping.


The same day, the martyrdom of the Saints Victor, Alexander, and Marian.


In Persia, St. Mamelta, martyr. He was converted from idolatry to the faith by the warning of an angel, and was later stoned by heathens and cast into a deep lake.


At Orange in France, St. Florentinus, bishop, who died leaving a reputation for many virtues.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 17:


CHAPTER XIII
How Lauds are to be said on Week-days(cont.)


The Office of Lauds and Vespers, however, must never conclude without the Lord's Prayer being said aloud by the Superior, so that all may hear it, on account of the thorns of scandal* which are wont to arise; so that the brethren, by the covenant which they make in that prayer when they say "Forgive us as we forgive," may cleanse themselves of such faults. But at the other Offices let the last part only of the prayer be said aloud, so that all may answer, "But deliver us from evil."


Martyrology-October 18th
Roman Martyrology-October 18th- on this date in various years-


In Bithynia, the birthday of St. Luke the Evangelist. He died, filled with the Holy Ghost, after having suffered much for the Name of Christ. His relics were translated to Constantinople, and thence taken to Pavia.


At Rome, the birthday of St. Paul of the Cross, priest, confessor, and founder of the Congregation of the Cross and Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ. Known for his remarkable innocency of life and his penitential spirit, and aflame with love for Christ crucified, he was canonized by Pope Pius IX, and the 28th of April was assigned as his feast day.


At Arenas in Spain, the birthday of St. Peter of Alcantara, confessor and priest of the Order of Friars Minor. He was canonized by Pope Clement IX because of his admirable penance and many miracles, and his feast is observed on the day following.


At Antioch, the bishop St. Asclepiades, who was one of the celebrated band of martyrs who suffered so gloriously under Macrinus.


At Neocaesarea in Pontus, the holy and learned Bishop Athenodorus, brother of St. Gregory Thaumaturgus, who underwent martyrdom in the persecution of Aurelian.


At Louvres, in the diocese of Beauvais, St. Justus, martyr, who, being but a boy, was put to death in the persecution of Diocletian, under the governor Rictiovarus.


At Rome, St. Tryphonia, at one time the wife of Caesar Decius, the mother of St. Cyrilla, virgin and martyr. She was buried in a crypt, near that of St. Hippolytus.


At Auriesville, in the state of New York, the birthday of the holy martyrs Isaac Jogues, priest of the Society of Jesus, and John de la Lande, a temporary helper to the same Society, who came from France to teach the faith. On this and the following day they were cruelly tortured and killed by the Iroquois in the same place where, a few years before, one of the companions, Renà Goupil, also a temporary assistant, had received the palm of martyrdom.


In Mesopotamia, in the neighbourhood of Edessa, the commemoration of St. Julian the Hermit, surnamed Sabas, who is mentioned also on the 17th of January.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 18:


CHAPTER XIV
How the Night-Office is to be said on Saints' Days


On the Festivals of Saints, and all other solemnities, let the Office be ordered as we have prescribed for Sundays: except that the Psalms, antiphons and lessons suitable to the day are to be said. Their number, however, shall remain as we have appointed above.


Martyrology-October 19th
Roman Martyrology-October 19th- on this date in various years-


St. Peter of Alcantara, priest of the Order of Friars Minor and confessor, whose birthday was mentioned in the day previous to this.


At Rome, the birthday of the holy martyrs Ptolemy and Lucius, in the time of Marcus Antoninus. The former, as we learn from the martyr Justin, converted a certain immodest woman to the faith of Christ and induced her to practice chastity. He was accused by an evil man before the prefect Urbicius and made to undergo a long imprisonment in a foul dungeon. At length, because he declared by a public confession that Christ was his master, he was led to execution. Lucius protested against the sentence of Urbicius, and freely proclaimed himself to be a Christian, whereby he received the same sentence. To them was added still a third martyr, who was condemned to suffer a like punishment.


At Antioch, the holy martyrs Beronicus, the virgin Pelagia, and forty-nine others.


In Egypt, St. Varus, a soldier, who, under Emperor Maximian, visited and comforted seven holy monks who were kept in prison. When one of them died he wished to be accepted in his place, and after suffering most cruel torments with them he obtained the palm of martyrdom.


At Evreux in France, St. Aquilinus, bishop and confessor.


In the diocese of Orleans, the death of St. Veranus, bishop.


At Salerno, St. Eusterius, bishop.


In Ireland, in the monastery of the Forest of Kildare, St. Ethbin, abbot.


At Oxford in England, St. Frideswide, virgin.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 19:


CHAPTER XV
At what times of the year Alleluia is to be said


From the holy Feast of Easter until Pentecost, without interruption, let Alleluia be said both with the Psalms and the responsories. From Pentecost until the beginning of Lent it is to be said at the Night-Office with the six latter Psalms only. But on every Sunday out of Lent let the Canticles,* Lauds, Prime, Tierce, Sext and None be said with Alleluia: Vespers, however, with an antiphon. The responses are never to be said with Alleluia, except from Easter to Pentecost.


Martyrology-October 20th
Roman Martyrology-October 20th-on this date in various years-


St. John Cantius, priest and confessor, who fell asleep in the Lord on the 24th of December.


At Abia, near Aquila in Abruzzo, the birthday of blessed Maximus, deacon and martyr. Because of his desire to suffer he shewed himself to the persecutors of his own accord. After answering with great constancy, he was racked and tortured, then beaten with rods, and he finally died by being cast headlong from a high place.


At Agen in France, St. Caprasius, martyr. He was hiding in a cavern to avoid the violence of the persecution when the report of the blessed virgin Faith's courage in suffering for Christ roused him to endure the torments. He prayed to God that, if he were deemed worthy
of the glory of martyrdom, clear water might flow from the rock of his cave. God granted his prayer, and he went with confidence to the scene of the trial, where, after a valiant struggle, he merited the palm of martyrdom under Maximian.


At Antioch, St. Artemius, an imperial officer who had filled high positions in the army under Constantine the Great. Julian the Apostate, however, whom he rebuked for his cruelty towards Christians, ordered him to be beaten with rods, subjected to other torments, and finally beheaded.


At Constantinople, St. Andrew of Crete, a monk who had often been scourged by Constantine Copronymus for his veneration of holy images. After one of his feet had been cut off he rendered up his soul.


At Cologne, the martyrdom of the holy virgins Martha and Saula, with many others.


In Portugal, St. Irene, virgin and martyr. Her body was honourably buried in the town of Scalabris. Since that time the town has been named Santarem, which is derived from her name.


At Aussonce, in the diocese of Rheims, St. Sindulphus, priest and confessor.


At Minden in Germany, the translation of St. Felician, bishop of Foligno and martyr. From his holy relics a portion was placed in an urn and brought to Germany from the city of Foligno in Umbria, where he had died on the 24th of January.


At Paris, the translation of the holy martyrs George, a deacon, and Aurelius from Cordova, a city of Spain, where they had died with three companions on the 27th of July.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 20:


CHAPTER XVI
How the Work of God is to be done in the day-time


As the prophet saith: "Seven times in the day have I given praise to Thee." And we shall observe this sacred number of seven if, at the times of Lauds, Prime, Tierce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline, we fulfil the duties of our service. For it was of these hours of the day that he said: "Seven times in the day have I given praise to Thee"; just as the same prophet saith of the night watches: "At midnight I arose to give Thee praise." At these times, therefore, let us sing the praises of our Creator for the judgments of His justice: that is, at Lauds, Prime, Tierce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline; and at night let us arise to praise Him.


Martyrology-October 21st
Roman Martyrology-October 21st-on this date in various years-


In Cyprus, the birthday of the holy abbot Hilarion. His life, full of virtues and miracles, was written by St. Jerome.


At Cologne, the birthday of St. Ursula and her companions, who gained the martyr's crown by being slain by the Huns for the Christian religion and their constancy in keeping their virginity. Many of their bodies are buried in Cologne.


At Ostia, St. Asterius, priest and martyr, who suffered under Emperor Alexander, as we read in the Acts of blessed Pope Callistus.


At Nicomedia, the birthday of Saints Dasius, Zoticus,Caius, and twelve other soldiers, who, after suffering various torments, were drowned in the sea.


At Lyons in France, St. Viator, deacon of blessed Justus, bishop of that city.


At Maronia, near Antioch in Syria, St. Malchus, a monk.


At Laon, St. Cilinia, mother of blessed Remigius, bishop of Rheims.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 21:


CHAPTER XVII
How many Psalms are to be sung at these Hours


We have now disposed the order of the psalmody for the Night-Office and for Lauds: let us proceed to arrange for the remaining Hours. At Prime, let three Psalms be said separately and not under one Gloria. The hymn at this Hour is to follow the verse, Deus in adjutorium, before the Psalms be begun. Then at the end of the three Psalms, let one lesson be said, with a versicle, the Kyrie eleison, and the Collect.* Tierce, Sext and None are to be recited in the same way, that is, the verse, the hymn proper to each Hour, three Psalms, the lesson and versicle, Kyrie eleison, with the Collect. If the community be large, let the Psalms be sung with antiphons: but if small, let them be sung straight forward.* Let the Vesper Office consist of four Psalms with antiphons: after the Psalms a lesson is to be recited; then a responsory, a hymn and versicle, the canticle from the Gospel, the Litany and Lord's Prayer, and finally the Collect. Let Compline consist of the recitation of three Psalms to be said straight on without antiphons; then the hymn for that Hour, one lesson, the versicle, Kyrie eleison, the blessing and the Collect.




Martyrology-October 22nd
Roman Martyrology-October 22nd-on this date in various years-


At Jerusalem, St. Mary Salome, the mother of the apostles James and John, who is referred to in the Gospel as having cared for the burial of our Lord.


At Jerusalem, blessed Bishop Mark, a noble and learned man, who was the first Gentile to govern the Church of Jerusalem. His brief episcopate was rewarded by the palm of martyrdom under Emperor Antoninus.


At Adrianople in Thrace, the birthday of the holy martyrs Philip, a bishop, Severus, a priest, Eusebius, and Hermes. After being imprisoned and scourged, they were burned alive in the time of Julian the Apostate.


Also, the holy martyrs Alexander, a bishop, Heraclius, a soldier, and their companions.


At Fermo in Piceno, the birthday of St. Philip, bishop and martyr.


At Cologne, St. Cordula, who was one of the companions of St. Ursula. Being terrified by the punishments and slaughter of the others, she hid herself, but repenting her deed, on the next day she declared herself to the Huns of her own accord, and thus was the last of them all to receive the crown of martyrdom.


At Huesca in Spain, the holy virgins Nunilo and Alodia, sisters, who endured martyrdom by being condemned to capital punishment by the Saracens for the confession of the faith.


At Hieropolis in Phrygia, St. Abercius, bishop, who flourished under Emperor Marcus Antoninus.


At Rouen, St. Melanius, bishop, who was ordained by Pope St. Stephen and sent there to preach the Gospel.


In Tuscany, St. Donatus of Scotland, bishop of Fiesole.


At Verona, St. Verecundius, bishop and confessor.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 22:


CHAPTER XVIII
In what order the Psalms are to be said


First of all let this verse be said: "O God, come to my assistance; O Lord, make haste to help me," and the Gloria, followed by the hymn proper to each Hour. At Prime on Sunday four parts of the hundred and eighteenth Psalm are to be said. At the other Hours, that is, Tierce, Sext and None, let three parts of the same Psalm be said. At Prime on Monday let three Psalms be said, namely, the first, second and sixth and so in the same way every day until Sunday let three Psalms be said at Prime in order, up to the nineteenth; the ninth and seventeenth, however, being divided into two Glorias. It will thus come about that at the Night-Office on Sunday we shall always begin with the twentieth Psalm.


Martyrology-October 23rd
Roman Martyrology-October 23rd-on this date in various years-


At Vilak in Hungary, the birthday of St. John Capistran, priest and confessor of the Order of Friars Minor, illustrious for the sanctity of his life and his zeal for the propagation of the Catholic faith. By his prayers and miracles, he routed a powerful army of Turks, and forced them to quit the siege of Tornau. His feastday, however, is celebrated on the 28th of March.


At Antioch, the birthday of the holy priest Theodore, who was arrested in the persecution of the impious Julian. After the torment of the rack and many severe tortures, including the burning of his sides with torches, he persisted in the confession of Christ, and so his martyrdom was completed by death with the sword.


At Osuma, near Cadiz in Spain, in the persecution of Diocletian, under the subgovernor Viator, the holy martyrs Servandus and Germanus. They were subjected to scourging, imprisonment in a foul dungeon, want of food and drink, and the fatigue of a long journey while loaded with fetters, and at length reached the end of their martyrdom by having their heads stricken off. Germanus was buried at Merida, and Servandus at Seville.


At Constantinople, St. Ignatius, bishop, who rebuked Bardas Caesar for putting away his wife, for which he was subjected to many insults and driven into banishment. He was, however, restored to his See by the Roman Pontiff Nicholas, and there died in peace.


At Bordeaux, St. Severin, bishop of Cologne and confessor.


At Rouen, Bishop St. Romanus.


At Salerno, Bishop St. Verus.


In the district of Amiens, St. Domitius, a priest.


In the country of Poitiers, St. Benedict, confessor.


At Mantua, blessed John the Good, of the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine, whose celebrated life was written by St. Antoninus.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 23:


CHAPTER XVIII
In what order the Psalms are to be said (cont.)


At Tierce, Sext and None on Monday are to be said the nine remaining parts of the hundred and eighteenth Psalm, three parts at each Hour. This Psalm having thus been said through in two days, that is, Sunday and Monday, let the nine Psalms from the hundred and nineteenth to the hundred and twenty-seventh be said on Tuesday at Tierce, Sext and None - three at each Hour. And these Psalms are to be repeated at the same Hours every day until Sunday; the arrangement, moreover, of hymns, lessons and versicles remaining the same throughout, so as always to begin on Sunday from the hundred and eighteenth Psalm.


Martyrology-October 24th
Roman Martyrology-October 24th-on this date in various years-


The Feast of St. Raphael the Archangel, whose dignity and benefits to mankind are set forth in the holy book of Tobias.


At Venosa in Apulia, the birthday of the holy martyrs Felix, an African bishop, Audactus and Januarius, priests, and the lectors Fortunatus and Septimus. In the time of Diocletian, under the governor Magdellian, they were loaded with fetters and imprisoned for a long time in Africa and Sicily. Because Felix refused to deliver the sacred books, they were at last slain with the sword


At Tongres in Belgium, St. Evergislus, bishop of Cologne and martyr. Because of his duties in the pastoral office he journeyed there, and on the way stopped to pray alone at the monastery of the Blessed Virgin Mary where he was killed by robbers who struck him with an arrow.


In the city of Nagran in Arabia Felix, the passion of St. Aretas and his companions, to the number of three hundred and forty, in the time of Emperor Justin, under the Jewish tyrant Dunaan. After them, a Christian woman was burned alive, whose five-year-old son confessed Christ in a lisping voice and could not be prevented by caresses or threats from rushing into the fire in which his mother was burning


At Constantinople, St. Proclus, bishop.


On the island of Jersey, St. Maglorius, bishop, who laid down the Episcopal office after exercising it for three years towards a few scattered people in Brittany. He built a monastery on that island, and there spent the remainder of his life in holy conversation. His body was later translated to Paris.


In the monastery of Fontfroide in the diocese of Carcassonne in France, St. Anthony Mary Claret, formerly Archibishop of Cuba, and founder of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary. He was renowned for his meekness and zeal for souls, and was canonized by the Supreme Pontiff, Pius XII.


In the monastery of Durin in France, St. Martin, abbot and deacon. His body was translated to the monastery of Vertou.


In Campania, St. Mark, a solitary, whose noble accomplishments have been recorded by St. Gregory.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 24:


CHAPTER XVIII
In what order the Psalms are to be said (cont.)


Vespers are to be sung every day with four Psalms. And let these begin from the hundred and ninth, and go on to the hundred and forty-seventh, omitting those of their number that are set apart for other Hours - that is, from the hundred and seventeenth to the hundred and twenty-seventh, the hundred and thirty-third, and the hundred and forty-second. All the rest are to be said at Vespers. And as there are three Psalms wanting, let those of the aforesaid number which are somewhat long be divided, namely the hundred and thirty-eighth, the hundred and forty-third, and the hundred and forty-fourth. But let the hundred and sixteenth, as it is short, be joined to the hundred and fifteenth. The order of the Psalms at Vespers being thus disposed, let the rest, that is, the lessons, responses, hymns, verses and canticles, be said as already laid down. At Compline the same Psalms are to be repeated every day: namely the fourth, ninetieth, and hundred and thirty-third.


Martyrology-October 25th
Roman Martyrology-October 25th-on this date in various years-

For 2020 the Feast of Our Lord Jesus Christ the King.

At Rome, the holy martyrs Chrysanthus and his wife Daria. After many sufferings endured for Christ under the prefect Celerinus, they were ordered by Emperor Numerian to be thrown into a sandpit on the Salarian Way, where, being still alive, were covered with earth and stones.


Also, the birthday of St. Marcellinus, pope and martyr, who was beheaded for the faith of Christ in the reign of Maximian along with Claudius Cyrinus and Antoninus. So great was the persecution then that seventeen thousand Christians received the crown of martyrdom in the space of one month. The feast of St. Marcellinus is celebrated with that of St. Cletus, pope and martyr, on the 26th of April.


At Perigueux in France, St. Fronto, who was made bishop by the blessed apostle Peter. Along with a priest named George, he converted to Christ a large number of people of that place, and, renowned for miracles, rested in peace.


Also at Rome, the birthday of forty-six holy soldiers, who were baptized at the same time by Pope Denis, and soon after beheaded by order of Emperor Claudius. They were buried on the Salarian Way with one hundred and twenty-one other martyrs. Among them are named four soldiers of Christ: Theodosius, Lucius, Mark, and Peter.


At Sassari in Sardinia, the holy martyrs Protus, a priest, and Januarius, a deacon, who were sent to that island Pope St. Caius, and were martyred in the time of Diocletian under the governor Barbarus.


At Constantinople, the martyrdom of the Saints Martyrius, subdeacon, and Marcian, a cantor, who were slain by the heretics during the reign of Emperor Constantius.


At Soissons in France, in the persecution of Diocletian, the holy martyrs Crispin and Crispinian, noble Romans. Under Governor Rictiovarus, after horrible torments, they were put to the sword, and thus obtained the crown of martyrdom. Their bodies were afterwards conveyed to Rome and entombed with due honours in the church of St. Lawrence in Panisperna.


At Florence, St. Minias, a soldier, who fought valorously for the faith of Christ and was gloriously crowned with martyrdom during the reign of Decius.


At Brescia, the birthday of St. Gaudentius, bishop, distinguished for his learning and holiness.


At Javoux in France, St. Hilary, bishop.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 25:


CHAPTER XVIII
In what order the Psalms are to be said (cont.)


The order of psalmody for the Day-Hours being now arranged, let all the remaining 25 Psalms be equally distributed among the seven Night- Offices, dividing the longer Psalms among them, and assigning twelve to each night. Above all, we recommend that if this arrangement of the Psalms be displeasing to anyone, he should, if he think fit, order it otherwise; taking care in any case that the whole Psalter of a hundred and fifty Psalms be recited every week, and always begun afresh at the Night-Office on Sunday. For those monks would shew themselves very slothful in the divine service who said in the course of a week less than the entire Psalter, with the usual canticles; since we read that our holy fathers resolutely performed in a single day what I pray we tepid monks may achieve in a whole week.


Martyrology-October 26th
Roman Martyrology-October 26th-on this date in various years-


At Rome, St. Evaristus, pope and martyr, who enriched the Church of God with his blood under Emperor Hadrian.


In Africa, the holy martyrs Felicissimus and the priest Rogatian, who received the bright crown of martyrs in the persecution of Valerian and Gallienus. They are mentioned by St. Cyprian in his Epistle to the Confessors.


At Nicomedia, the holy martyrs Lucian, Florius, and their companions.


At Narbonne, St. Rusticus, bishop and confessor, who flourished in the reigns of Emperors Leo and Valentian.


At Salerno, St. Gaudiosus, bishop.


At Pavia, Bishop St. Fulk.


Also St. Quadragesimus, subdeacon, who raised a dead man to life.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 26:


CHAPTER XIX
Of the Discipline of saying the Divine Office


We believe that the Divine presence is everywhere, and that the eyes of the Lord behold the good and the evil in every place. Especially should we believe this, without any doubt, when we are assisting at the Work of God. Let us, then, ever remember what the prophet saith: "Serve the Lord in fear"; and again, "Sing ye wisely" and, "In the sight of the angels I will sing praises unto Thee." Therefore let us consider how we ought to behave ourselves in the presence of God and of His angels, and so assist at the Divine Office, that our mind and our voice may accord together.


Martyrology-October 27th
Roman Martyrology-October 27th-on this date in various years-



At Avila in Spain, under the governor Dacian, the Saints Vincent, Sabina, and Christeta. They were first stretched on the rack in such a manner that all their limbs were dislocated; then stones being laid on their heads, and their brains beaten out with heavy bars, their martyrdom was fulfilled.


At Tilchatel in France, St. Florentius, martyr.


In Cappadocia, the holy martyrs Capitolina, and Erotheides, her handmaid, who suffered under Diocletian.


In India, St. Frumentius, bishop. While he was a captive there he was consecrated bishop by St. Athanasius, and propagated the Gospel in that country.


At Naples, St. Gaudiosus, an African bishop who came to Campania because of the Vandal persecution, and died a holy death in a monastery in that city.


In Ethiopia, in the time of Emperor Justin, St. Elesbaan, king. After having defeated the enemies of Christ and sent his royal diadem to Jerusalem, he led a monastic life, as he had vowed, and went to his reward.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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The reading appointed from the Rule of St. Benedict for October 27:


CHAPTER XX
Of Reverence at Prayer


If, when we wish to make any request to men in power, we presume not to do so  except with humility and reverence; how much more ought we with all lowliness and purity of devotion to offer our supplications to the Lord God of all things? And let us remember that not for our much speaking, but for our purity of heart and tears of compunction shall we be heard. Our prayer, therefore, ought to be short and pure, except it be perchance prolonged by the inspiration of Divine Grace. But let prayer made in common always be short: and at the signal given by the Superior, let all rise together.


Martyrology-October 28th
Roman Martyrology-October 28th-on this date in various years-


In Persia, the birthday of the blessed apostles Simon the Canaanite and Thaddeus, who is also called Jude. Simon preached the Gospel in Egypt, Thaddeus in Mesopotamia. Afterwards, entering Persia together, they converted to Christ a numberless multitude of the inhabitants, then underwent martyrdom.


At Rome, the holy martyrs Cyril and Anastasia the Elder, virgin. In the persecution of Valerian, under the prefect Probus, Anastasia was bound with chains, buffeted, subjected to fire and scourging, and, as she remained immovable in the confession of Christ, her breasts were cut away, her nails plucked out, her teeth broken, and her hands, feet, and head severed from her body. Adorned with her sufferings as with so many jewels, she went to her Spouse. At her request, Cyril gave her some water to drink, and for his reward became a martyr.


In the same city, during the reign of Claudius, St. Cyrilla, virgin, daughter of St. Tryphonia, who was pierced through the throat for the faith of Christ.


At Como, under Emperor Maximian, St. Fidelis, martyr.


At Mainz, St. Ferrutius, martyr.


At Meaux, in France, St. Faro, bishop and confessor.


At Vercelli, St. Honoratus, bishop.


And elsewhere in divers places, many other holy martyrs, confessors, and holy virgins.
R. Thanks be to God.


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